Concussion Overview
A concussion is a mild traumatic brain injury caused by a hit or blow to the head, face, neck, or body that impacts the head (overlaps with common causes). Symptoms usually appear within minutes to hours and are temporary for most people.
- Common Causes: Blows to the head, face, neck, or body (force transmitted to the head)
- Typical Recovery: Most people recover within hours to weeks; some may need emergency treatment
- Post-Concussion Syndrome (PCS): Concussion symptoms persisting for three months or longer
Concussion Symptoms
Symptoms can be physical, cognitive, or emotional:
- Physical:
- Headache, dizziness, nausea
- Fatigue, balance issues
- Vision changes (blurred vision, double vision)
- Sensitivity to light/noise, sleep problems
- Cognitive:
- Memory issues, confusion
- Trouble concentrating, slower thinking/speaking
- Feeling dazed or "foggy"
- Emotional:
- Irritability, mood swings
- Anxiety, sadness or depression
When to Seek Medical Help
Go to the hospital if you experience any of the following:
- Loss of consciousness, memory problems, or persistent headache
- Mood changes, feeling sick for several days
- History of concussion, brain injury, or surgery
- Use of blood thinners or recreational drugs